GB/T 28712.2-2012 热交换器型式与基本参数 第2部分：固定管板式热交换器
作者:标准资料网 时间:2024-05-27 01:05:13 浏览:9035
来源:标准资料网
基本信息
| 标准名称： | 热交换器型式与基本参数 第2部分：固定管板式热交换器 |
| 英文名称： | Types and basic parameters of heat exchangers - Part 2: Fixed tube sheet heat exchangers |
| 中标分类： |
机械 >>
通用机械与设备 >>
换热设备 |
| 发布部门： | 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局 中国国家标准化管理委员会 |
| 发布日期： | 2012-09-03 |
| 实施日期： | 2013-01-01 |
| 首发日期： | 2012-09-03 |
| 作废日期： | |
| 主管部门： | 国家标准化管理委员会 |
| 归口单位： | 全国锅炉压力容器标准化技术委员会 |
| 起草单位： | 合肥通用机械研究所 |
| 出版社： | 中国标准出版社 |
| 出版日期： | 2013-01-01 |
适用范围
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前言
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目录
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引用标准
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所属分类： 机械 通用机械与设备 换热设备
【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforPerformingLaboratoryDirectShearStrengthTestsofRockSpecimensUnderConstantNormalForce
【原文标准名称】:在恒定的常规应力下进行岩石样品的实验室直接剪切强度试验的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD5607-2008
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2008
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D18.12
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:asperity;directshearstrength;discontinuity;displacement;rock;roughness;slidingfriction;stress;sperity;Directsheartest;Discontinuities--rock;Displacement--rockenvironments;Intactrockstrength;Rockmaterials/properties/analysis;Roughnes
【摘要】:Determinationofshearstrengthofarockspecimenisanimportantaspectinthedesignofstructuressuchasrockslopes,damfoundations,tunnels,shafts,wasterepositories,cavernsforstorage,andotherpurposes.Pervasivediscontinuities(joints,beddingplanes,shearzones,faultzones,schistosity)inarockmass,andgenesis,crystallography,texture,fabric,andotherfactorscancausetherockmasstobehaveasananisotropicandheterogeneousdiscontinuum.Therefore,theprecisepredictionofrockmassbehaviorisdifficult.Fornonplanarjointsordiscontinuities,shearstrengthisderivedfromacombinationbasematerialfrictionandoverridingofasperities(dilatancy),shearingorbreakingoftheasperities,androtationsatorwedgingoftheasperities.Slidingonandshearingoftheasperitiescanoccursimultaneously.Whenthenormalforceisnotsufficienttorestraindilation,theshearmechanismconsistsoftheoverridingoftheasperities.Whenthenormalloadislargeenoughtocompletelyrestraindilation,theshearmechanismconsistsoftheshearingoffoftheasperities.Usingthistestmethodtodeterminetheshearstrengthofanintactspecimenmaygenerateoverturningmomentswhichcouldresultinaninclinedshearbreak.Shearstrengthisinfluencedbytheoverburdenornormalpressure;therefore,thelargertheoverburdenpressure,thelargertheshearstrength.Insomecases,itmaybedesirabletoconducttestsinsituratherthaninthelaboratorytodeterminetherepresentativeshearstrengthoftherockmass,particularlywhendesigniscontrolledbydiscontinuitiesfilledwithveryweakmaterial.Note38212;Thequalityoftheresultproducedbythisstandardisdependentonthecompetenceofthepersonnelperformingit,andthesuitabilityoftheequipmentandfacilitiesused.AgenciesthatmeetthecriteriaofPracticeD3740aregenerallyconsideredcapableofcompetentandobjectivetesting/sampling/inspectionandthelike.UsersofthisstandardarecautionedthatcompliancewithPracticeD3740doesnotinitselfassurereliableresults.Reliableresultsdependonmanyfactors,PracticeD3740providesameansofevaluatingsomeofthosefactors.1.1Thistestmethodestablishesrequirementsandlaboratoryproceduresforperformingdirectshearstrengthtestsonrockspecimens.Itincludesproceduresforbothintactrockstrengthandslidingfrictiontestswhichcanbeperformedonspecimensthatarehomogeneous,orhaveplanesofweakness,includingnaturalorartificialdiscontinuities.Examplesofanartificialdiscontinuityincludearock-concreteinterfaceoraliftlinefromaconcretepour.Discontinuitiesmaybeopen,partiallyorcompletelyhealedorfilled(thatis,clayfillingsandgouge).Onlyonediscontinuityperspecimencanbetested.Thetestisusuallyconductedintheundrainedstatewithanappliedconstantnormalload.However,aclean,opendiscontinuitymaybefreedraining,and,therefore,atestonaclean,opendiscontinuitycouldbeconsideredadrainedtest.Duringthetest,shearstrengthisdeterminedatvariousappliedstressesnormaltotheshearedplaneandatvarioussheardisplacements.Relationshipsderivedfromthetestdataincludeshearstrengthversusnormalstressandshearstressversussheardisplacement(shearstiffness).Note18212;Thetermx201C;normalforcex201D;isusedinthetitleinsteadofnormalstressbecauseoftheindefinableareaofcontactandtheminimalrelativedisplacementbetweenupperandlowerhalvesofthespecimenduringtesting.Theactualcontactareasduringtestingchange,buttheactualtotal......
【中国标准分类号】:P13
【国际标准分类号】:13_080_20
【页数】:8P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【英文标准名称】:Thermoplasticspipesandfittings-Determinationofmeltmass-flowrate-Part2:Testconditions
【原文标准名称】:热塑性塑料管和管件熔化质量的测定流量速率第2部分:试验条件
【标准号】:ISO4440-2-1994
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:国际
【发布日期】:1994-10
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:国际标准化组织(ISO)
【起草单位】:ISO/TC138
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:Determination;Fittings;Measurement;Meltflowindex;Melting;Pipefittings;Pipes;Plasticpipes;Plastics;Plasticsproducts;Polyolefins;Testing;Testingconditions;Tests;Thermoplasticpolymers;Plastictubes
【英文主题词】:Determination;Fittings;Measurement;Meltflowindex;Melting;Pipefittings;Pipes;Plasticpipes;Plastics;Plasticsproducts;Polyolefins;Testing;Testingconditions;Tests;Thermoplasticpolymers
【摘要】:Specifiesconditionsforthedeterminationofthemeltmass-flowrate(MFR)ofpolyolefinmaterialsfrompipesorfittings.
【中国标准分类号】:G33
【国际标准分类号】:23_040_20;23_040_45
【页数】:3P;A4
【正文语种】:英语
